End wrap impregnated with a fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol



Judson H. Sanders, Wyoming, Ohio,

Procter & Gamble Company, poration of Ohio No Drawing. Application February 11, 1955 Serial No. 487,689

4 Claims. (Cl. 132-46) assignor to The Cincinnati, Ohio, a cor- This invention relates to the permanent waving of hair. More particularly, it relates to a paper or fabric for use in aligning hair in a waving process, and which additionally conditions and perfumes the hair.

In the process of imparting a permanent wave to hair, difficulty is frequently encountered in wrapping the free ends of a hair tress about a curler. To overcome this problem small square or rectangular pieces of paper, hereinafter collectively referred to as end wraps, are folded, placed about a hair tress, and moved to a position where in they embrace a hair tress and extend beyond the free end thereof. The hair then may 'be easily rolled on a curler. Although lotion may have been applied prior to this step, it is necessary to apply additional lotion after the curls are wound. These end wraps, however, retard circulation of the waving chemical to the free ends of the hair which are at the center of the rolled tress.

Another problem encountered in the prior art chemical waving of hair is that the hair develops a dry, harsh or frizzy feeling after the curlers are removed from the hair. In order to ove come this problem, end wraps have been impregnated with an oil to condition the hair. As heretofore used, however, the oil has served to further block passage of waving lotion to all parts of the curled tress. 'Ihe oils also encourage the wraps to stick together when packaged. In addition, the type of oil customarily used to condition hair will not effectively diffuse into wet hair.

Yet another problem encountered in waving of hair, is the Wet dog hair odor clinging to the hair after waving is completed. To counteract this, perfume oils have been incorporated in waving loations with the aid of an emulsifier, but the emulsified perfume oil is substantially rinsed from the hair with the waving lotion, and there is insufiicient residue to perfume the hair effectively.

It has now been found that by use of the end wraps of this invention, the shortcomings of the prior art may be obviated, and at the end of the waving process the hair will be delicately perfumed and provided with a thin coating of oleaginous material.

Accordingly, it is one of the objects of this invention to provide an end wrap, containing an oleaginous material, for use with a chemical waving solution, which will not hinder free passage of the solution to all parts of the hair tress'es to be curled.

Another object is to provide an end Wrap capable of imparting to the hair, during the Waving process, a delicate odor, which is retained by the hair even after a thorough rinsing.

A further object is to provide an end Wrap which imparts a thin coating of perfumed oleaginous material to the hair during chemical waving and which remains on the hair at the conclusion of the treatment.

Other objects and advantageous features will be apparent from the following detailed description.

In general the invention comprises a porous paper or fabric impregnated with an oleaginous material which is sparingly soluble in Water, but which possesses limited hy- 2,839,066 Patented June 17, 1958 ice drophilic properties, and a perfume soluble in the oleaginous material.

The term impregnated as used in connection with this invention is intended to define coating of the fibers making up the fabric, but not the filling in of the interstices between the fibers.

When a hair tress is Wound with the aid of the paper or fabric the porous structure permits adequate saturation of the hair with waving lotion and subseqeut thorough rinsing with water. Because the oleaginous material possesses only limited hydrophilic properties, the water rinse does not wash any significant amount of it out of the hair or the end paper. On the other hand, these same hydrophilic properties cause the material to be gradually diffused from the paper to the hair and along the hair shafts. Since the soluble perfume is diffused with the solution, the hair is coated with the thin film of perfume and oleaginous material.

The fabric used in the practice of this invention may be either paper or cloth. It should be sufficiently porous that the passage of waving lotion and rinsing solutions through it will not be substantially impeded. This porosity can be achieved by using a loosely woven structure, providing sufiicient spacing around the fibers. Papers of the non-woven type may also have the desired porosity. If the fabric is closely Woven or otherwise does not possess sufficient inherent porosity it may be provided with a plurality of perforations to accomplish the desired result.

In addition to the foregoing qualifications the fabric should have a wet-strength sufiicient to Withstand a tension of 50 g. applied to a /2 inch wide strip.

The fabric should possess suflicient fiexability to enable a tress of hair embraced by the end wrap to be rolled into a suitable configuration. Also, in order to form a small enough curl, the paper should not exceed 0.020 inch in thickness.

The oleaginous material should be sparingly soluble in water, but yet should be capable of being dispersed in Water. It should also have limited hydrophilic properties as herein'before set forth.

Satisfactory materials possessing these properties will be found among classes of materials such as fatty quaternary ammonium compounds containing one or more lower alkyl groups, such as dimethyl distearyl ammonium compounds, nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds, such as N-(lauroyl formylmethyl) pyridinium chloride, alkyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanols, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ethanols, fatty alkylol amine or amide condensates, etc.

Of particular interest as oleaginous materials for use in this invention are incompletely esterified esters of polyhydric alcohols, such as partial esters of fatty acids containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain with alcohols such as sorbital, sorbitan, glycerol, etc. Examples of these partial esters include sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan trioleate and glycerol monostearate.

The oleaginous material should preferably be used in an amount less than sufiicient to form a continuous film over the surface of the fabric and should not be present in an amount which will cause individual pieces of fabric to stick together. The exact amount of oleaginous material will vary with the type of fabric and oleaginous material used.

The perfume used in practicing this invention should be of a type that will be compatible with and will not be easily reduced by any means used to reduce disulfide linkages when waving the hair, such as mercaptans. The perfume should possess a sufficiently low volatility that it will remain in the fabric during extended storage periods and also will not vaporize to any substantial amount if 3, V ubjected to the heat normally encountered in storage and se.- Examples of such perfume materials include oil of andalwood and oil of cedarwood.

If desired, lanolin may be added to other oleaginous materials used.

A preferred method of impregnating the end papers omprises mixing the oleaginous material, perfume, and

L0030 inch in thickness, and 2" X 3" in size, were provided with rows of & diameter perforations covering the :ntire paper. The holes were spaced 45" between rows 1nd Vs" between centers of perforation. A solution was nade consisting of 2% perfume, 2% lanolin, and 96% :orbitan monolaurate. This solution was used to impregrate the pieces of paper.

The impregnated papers were used as end wraps in a :hemical hair waving treatment using a conventional wavng lotion containing thioglycolic acid as the active wav ng constituent. At the conclusion of the wave it was noted hat the hair had a soft uniform curl, indicating that the waving solution had been uniformly distributed throughout the hair. In addition, the hair shafts were covered with a thin film of oleaginous material and there was no dry frizzy condition as was present after waves using conventional end wraps. Also, the hair had a pleasant per fumed odor. 7

Example 2.The same procedure was used -as in Example 1, except that 2% perfume and 98% monolaurate were used. The results on the hair, after the wave, were comparable to the results obtained in Example 1.

What is claimed is:

1. An end wrap for aligning and conditioning hair during a waving process which comprises a porous fabric impregnated with an oleaginous material and a perfume soluble in said oleaginous material, said oleaginous material comprising a partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid containingfrom 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the 8 alkyl chain.

2. An end wrap for aligning and conditioning hair during a waving process which comprises a porous fabric impregnated with sorbitan monolaurate, and a perfume soluble therein.

3. An end wrap for aligning and conditioning hair during a waving process which comprises a porous fabric impregnated with sorbitan monolaurate, a perfume soluble therein, and lanolin. i

4. An end wrap for aligning and conditioning'hair during a waving process which comprises a porous fabric impregnated with an oleaginous material, s'aid oleaginous material comprising a partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,479,382 Mace Aug. 16, 1949 2,688,972 Brown Sept. 14, 1954 2,708,940 De Mytt May 24, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 619,920 France Jan. 11, 1927 593,423 Great Britain Oct. 16, 1947 OTHER REFERENCES Cobb: Cold Wave Quiz, Mod. Beauty Shop, January 194 Pp. 52, 53, 108-111, esp. p. 109.

Helene Curtis Instruction Booklet No. 103 (a), received Jan. 23, 1945, 9 p. brochure, esp. p. 2.

Martin: Mod. Beauty Shop, October 1949, pp. 70,71, 132and 133, esp. p. 71 and 132. 

1. AN END WRAP FOR ALIGNING AND CONDITIONING HAIR DURING A WAVING PROCESS WHICH COMPRISES A POROUS FABRIC IMPREGNATED WITH AN OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL AND A PERFUME SOLUBLE IN SAID OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL, SAID OLEAGINOUS MATERIAL COMPRISING A PARTIAL ESTER OF POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL AND A FATTY ACID CONTAINING FROM 13 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL CHAIN.
 3. AN END WRAP FOR ALIGNING AND CONDITIONING HAIR DURING A WAVING PROCESS WHICH COMPRISES A POROUS FABRIC IMPREGNATED WITH SORBITAN MONOLAURATE, A PERFUME SOLUBLE THEREIN, AND LANOLIN. 